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'shopped to beat the band.

REFLECTIONS DO NOT WORK THAT WAY.

but Photoshop does...

Here's a good observation from a mediocre webcomic.

I just assumed the reflection was inverted because it's in Canada.
Like how toilets flush counter-clockwise in Australia.

This is a great example of additive color. Look at how the green and the red overlap to create yellow, and how the blue and yellow overlap to look nearly white.

Contrast this with subtractive color, which usually happens when you mix paints and that sort of thing.

A long time exposure will give almost any scene a "false color" look but the waves are very defined which would indicate a relatively short exposure, so that's kinda wrong. They may have combined a long exposure and a short one, using the long exp to color the short one. Or they could have just painted it in or just cranked up the saturation. There's a lot of ways to get there and considering it's not a "news" photo in the sense that it's a scenery shot, they may have taken liberties.
I would argue that currently, virtually every image you see in any publication has been retouched in some way. If not just corrected for exposure or color, almost all people shots will have some details removed. So if you think it's been messed with, it probably has been. Whether it's ethical to do so is another issue all together.

Vij's, Tojo's and Chen's are excellent restaurants

It's pretty standard for even "authentic" photos to have their light levels, colour saturation and blur/sharpness heavily tweaked. They may well turned up the brightness and saturation of either the reflection or the whole image.

But if you look on Flickr there are quite a few similar photos, so it's probably quite like what you'd actually see if you were there.

It looks like they've cranked up the saturation in specific areas (reflection, lit-up sails in background), but I think the colours are OK when you look how the circles overlap. The big give-away to me for the extreme saturation is that the reflection is brighter than the original lights. This probably exacerbates the weirdness in the colours of the reflection.

My main problem is that the order of the colors in the reflection isn't the same as the order of the colors on the rings. Why is yellow next to red in the reflection, while green is next to red in real life?

Have a look at Madamina's link - see how red and green combine to make yellow.

It's confusing because the rings overlap, so the colours combine. If they were arranged in a neat row, you would see a much more defined reflection, with maybe a tiny bit of overlap between the colours. Also, some of the rings are brighter than others, so they dominate the reflection.